Chapter 06: Endocrinology

Web-based references relating to the number under the disk sign


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2 eMedicine vitiligo. [Link]; page 188

3 Link not available.; page 188

4 Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2003 Mar;59(3):165 The prevention of type 2 diabetes - lifestyle change or pharmacotherapy? A challenge for the 21st century. Simpson RW [Link]; page 189

5 A Weetman 2003 Autoimmune thyroid disease: propagation and progression Eur J Endo 148 1-9; page 189

6 S Jabbour 2003 Skin manifestations of endocrine disorders; guide for dermatologists. Jabbour SA. Cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders: a guide for dermatologists. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003; 4(5): 315"31; page 189

7 E Gale 2003 Lancet 504 Is there really an epidemic of type 2 diabetes? [Link]; page 190

8 J R Soc Med 2003;96:328-332 2003 The Royal Society of Medicine; Hidden diabetes in the UK: use of capture"recapture methods to estimate total prevalence of diabetes mellitus in an urban population--Geoffrey V Gill MD, Aziz A Ismail PhD, Nicholas J Beeching; page [Link]; page 190

9 Enalapril reduces the incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). Circulation 2003 107 1291 [Link]; page 191

10; page Drugs. 2002;62(10):1463 Metabolic and additional vascular effects of thiazolidinediones--Martens F [Link]; page 191

11 NICE 2003 recommendation [Link]; page 192

12; page Postgrad Med. 2003 May;Spec No:63 Constructing an algorithm for managing type 2 diabetes. Focus on role of the thiazolidinediones--Wyne K [Link]; page 192

13 Bookmark not defined. Enalapril reduces the incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). Circulation 2003 107 1291; page [Link]; page 192

14 NICE 2003 recommendation [Link]; page 192

15 Drug Ther Bul 1994 32 51; page 192

16 Int J Clin Pract. 2003 Jul-Aug;57(6):535 Nateglinide (Starlix): update on a new antidiabetic agent--Phillips L [Link]; page 192

17 Drug Ther Bul 2003 41 52; page 192

18 Ann Pharmacother 2002 Jun;36:1019-27; page 193

19 Insulin glargine: a new basal insulin. Levien TL, Baker DE, White JR Jr, Campbell RK. [Link]; page 193

20 Lancet 1998 352 837"53; page 193

21 Royle P, Waugh N, McAuley L, McIntyre L, Thomas S. Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(3):CD003890. [Link]; page 193

22 The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. NEJM 1993 329 977 and UKPDS Lancet 1998 352.; page 194

23 Link not available.; page 194

24 Professor Jonathan D. Trobe [Link]; page 195

25 Professor Jonathan D. Trobe [Link]; page 195

26 Professor Jonathan D. Trobe [Link]; page 195

27 J Wound Care. 2002 May;11(5):170 Hot sand burns on the sole of a patient with diabetes--Gaztelu Valdes V [Link]; page 196

28 Link not available; page 196

29 Update on diabetic neuropathy. AAuthors:- Simmons Z, Feldman EL. [Link]; page 196

30 Results of decompression of peripheral nerves in diabetics: a prospective, blinded study. Authors:- Aszmann OC, Kress KM, Dellon AL. [Link]; page 196

31 Rapidly evolving diabetic mononeuritis multiplex. Favorable outcome after immunosuppressive treatment]; authors:- Awada A, Dehoux E, al Jumah M, al Ayafi H [Link]; page 196

32 Diabetic amyotrophy: current concepts. Authors:- Sander HW, Chokroverty S. [Link]; page 196

33 Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for diabetic amyotrophy. Authors:- Ogawa T, Taguchi T, Tanaka Y, Ikeguchi K, Nakano I. [Link]; page 196

34 Gastroparesis and its management. Stanciu GO [Link]; page 196

35 Professor Jonathan D. Trobe [Link]; page 197

36 High-dose calcium stimulation test in a case of insulinoma masquerading as hysteria. Authors:- Nakamura Y, Doi R, Kohno Y, Shimono D, Kuwamura N, Inoue K, Koshiyama H, Imamura M. [Link]; page 199

37 Br J Sports Med. 2003 Aug;37(4):356 Insulin as a drug of abuse in body building--Evans P [Link]; page 199

38 What preoperative assessment is necessary for insulinomas? Calculating the degree of waste: analysis of 29 cases. Authors:- Falconi M, Molinari E, Carbognin G, Zamboni G, Bassi C, Pederzoli P. [Link]; page 199

39 Pitfalls in the surgical treatment of insulinoma. Authors:- Richards ML, Gauger PG, Thompson NW, Kloos RG, Giordano TJ. [Link]; page 199

40 Tunbridge WM, Vanderpump MP. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2000; 29: 239-53..; page 202

41 J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Dec;87(12):5435 Thyroid acropachy: report of 40 patients treated at a single institution in a 26-year period--Fatourechi V [Link]; page 203

42 Autoimmune thyroid disease: propagation and progression. Weetman AP. [Link]; page 203

43 J Endocrinol Invest. 2002;25(10 Suppl):16 Toxic multinodular goiter in the elderly--Vitti P [Link]; page 203

44 Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2003 Feb;36(1):35--Multinodular goiter--Day T [Link]; page 203

45 J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000;38(3):333 Lithium: thyroid effects and altered renal handling--Oakley P [Link]; page 203

46; page Br Med J. 1976 Feb 14;1(6006):372 Thyrotoxicosis induced by iodine contamination of food--a common unrecognised condition?--Stewart J [Link]; page 203

47 Thyroid. 1999 Feb;9(2):173 Severe thyrotoxicosis due to hyperfunctioning liver metastasis from follicular carcinoma: treatment with (131)I and interstitial laser ablation--Guglielmi R [Link]; page 203

48 Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2002 Oct;108(4):979 Reversible thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy--report of three cases Nowak M [Link]; page 203

49 Eckstein A, et al. Br J Opthalmol. 2003; 87: 773-6.; page 204

50 R Beauwens 1997 Lancet 349 1023; page 205

51 A Weetman 1997 bmj i 1175; page 205

52 R Lindsay 1997 Lancet 349 413 & 1023; page 206

53 Drug Ther Bul 1998 36 1 & Lancet 1997 349 413; page 206

54 Hoogendoorn EH, den Heijer M, van Dijk APJ, Hermus AR. Subclinical hyperthyroidism: to treat or not to treat? Postgrad Med J. 2004; 80: 394-8.; page 206

55 Am Fam Physician. 1998 Apr 15;57(8):1795-802, 1807 Hyperparathyroidism--Allerheiligen D [Link]; page 207

56 Minerva Med. 1989 Dec;80(12):1327 Primary hyperparathyroidism and peptic ulcer--Gasparoni P [Link]; page 207

57 Andersson P, Rydberg E, Willenheimer R. Primary hyperparathyroidism and heart disease - a review. European Heart Journal. 2004; 25: 1776-87.; page 207

58 Cohort study on effec`ts of parathyroid surgery on multiple outcomes...P Vestergaard 2003 BMJ; page 327 530 [Link]; page 207

59 Bilezikian JP, Silverberg SJ. Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. 2004; 350: 1746-51.; page 207

60 Inabnet WB. Intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring. World J Surg. 2004; 28: 1212-5. [Link]; page 207

61 Eur J Endocrinol 2003 Apr;148(4):413-21 Recurrence of hyperparathyroidism; a long-term follow-up after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. Hedback G [Link]; page 207

62 STK25 is a candidate gene for pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism. Davids MS, Crawford E, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Phelan MC, Comb MJ, Melnick MB. [Link]; page 207

63 Annu Rev Physiol. 2000;62:377 Multiple endocrine neoplasias--Hoff A [Link]; page 208

64 J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2000 May;13(5):457 A concise genetic and clinical guide to multiple endocrine neoplasias and related syndromes. Stratakis C [Link]; page 208

65; page J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Sep;86(9):4041 Clinical and molecular features of the Carney complex: diagnostic criteria and recommendations for patient evaluation. Stratakis CA, Kirschner LS, Carney J [Link]; page 208

66; page J Intern Med. 2003 Jun;253(6):606 Functional studies of the MEN1 gene--Chandrasekharappa S [Link]; page 208

67; page P R Health Sci J. 1998 Dec;17(4):309 Clinical profile of 128 subjects operated for primary hyperparathyroidism--Haddock L [Link]; page 208

68 Eur J Endocrinol. 2001 Aug;145(2):155 Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism--a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 variant?--Miedlich S [Link]; page 208

69; page Dermatol Clin. 1995 Jan;13(1):99 Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (MEN 2B)/MEN 3--Holloway K [Link]; page 208

70 Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)--an overview and case report--patient with sporadic bilateral pheochromocytoma, hyperparathyroidism and marfanoid habitus--Fassbender W [Link]; page 208

71 Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1995 Nov;23(4):343 Multiple endocrine neoplasia type two B. A case report with light and electron microscopic and immunohistochemical correlation--Koh L [Link]; page 208

72 Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2001 Sep-Oct;4(5):446 RET(Men2B)-transgene produces sympathoadrenal tumors but does not prevent intestinal aganglionosis in gdnf-/- or gfr alpha-1(-/-) mice--Rajan I [Link]; page 208

73 Eisenbarth GS, Gottlieb PA. Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes. NEJM. 2004; 350: 2068-79.; page 208

74 Etxabe J, Vazquez JA. Morbidity and mortality in Cushing's disease: An epidemiological approach. Clin Endocrinol. 1994; 40: 479-84.; page 209

75 Diagnosis and complications of Cushing's syndrome: a consensus statement. [Link]: J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 2003 Dec ; 88(12):5593-602. PubMed ID: 14671138. [Link]; page 210

76 CRH test [Link]

77 AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1992 May;3(2):319 Adrenocortical insufficiency: a medical emergency--Lee LM [Link]; page 211

78 CM Brosnan 1996 bmj i 1085 www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/312/7038/1085; page 211

79; page Leuk Lymphoma. 1997 Jan;24(3-4):363 Primary adrenal lymphoma associated with adrenal insufficiency: a distinct clinical entity--Pimentel M [Link]; page 211

80; page Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1991 Jul-Aug;9(4):407 SLE and acute Addisonian crisis due to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage: association with the antiphospholipid syndrome--Lenaerts J [Link]; page 211

81 Trop Geogr Med. 1988 Jul;40(3):241 Addison's disease presenting with marked eosinophilia and psychosis--Malu A [Link]; page 211

82; page Am J Gastroenterol. 1989 Oct;84(10):1302 Gastrointestinal manifestations of Addison's disease--Tobin M [Link]; page 211

83 Scand J Gastroenterol. 2003 May;38(5):511 High frequency of coeliac disease among patients with autoimmune adrenocortical failure--Myhre A [Link]; page 211

84 Ann Surg. 1999 Jun;229(6):755 Clinical experience over 48 years with pheochromocytoma--Goldstein R [Link]; page 213

85 Elder E, et al. The management of benign and malignant pheochromocytoma and abdominal paraganglioma. EJSO 2003; 29: 278-283.; page 213

86 Ann Surg. 1999 Jun;229(6):755 Clinical experience over 48 years with pheochromocytoma--Goldstein R [Link]; page 213

87 Mulatero P, Dluhy RG, Giacchetti G, Boscaro M, Veglio F, Stewart PM. Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: from screening to subtype differentiation.Trends Endocrinol Metab; 2005 Apr ; 16(3):114-9.; page 214

88 Minimal time to successful intercourse after sildenafil citrate: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial H. Padma-Nathan [Link]; page 214

89 C McMahon 2006 BMJ 332 589. Treating erectile dysfunction when PDE% inhibitors fail. [Link]; page 215

90 W Sponsel 2000 nejm 342 1680 www.nejm.org/content/2000/0342/0022/1680.asp; page 215

91Erectile dysfunction: comparison of efficacy and side effects of the PDE-5 inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil--review of the literature. Gresser U [Link]; page 215

92 H Herrmann 2000 nejm 342 1622 www.nejm.org/content/2000/0342/0022/1622.asp; page 216

93 Single and combined effects of growth hormone and testosterone administration on measures of body composition, physical performance, mood, sexual function, bone turnover, and muscle gene expression in healthy older men. Brill KT [Link]; page 217

94 Establishment of reference values for standard dose short synacthen test (250 microgram), low dose short synacthen test (1 microgram) and insulin tolerance test for assessment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in normal subjects. Gonzalbez J, Villabona C, Ramon J, Navarro MA, Gimenez O, Ricart W, Soler J. [Link]; page 217

95 Hurley DM, Ho KKY. Pituitary disease in adults. Med J Australia 2004; 180: 419-425.; page 217

96 2003 NICE [UK] advice From: [Link] To: C:\Program Files\Opera7\Download\TA64_HGHadults_fullguidance.pdf; page 218

97 Dattani M, Preece M. Growth hormone deficiency and related disorders. Lancet 2004; 363: 1977-87.; page 218

98 The changing spectrum of TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas: diagnosis and management in 43 patients. Socin HV, Chanson P, Delemer B, Tabarin A, Rohmer V, Mockel J, Stevenaert A, Beckers A. [Link]; page 219

99; page Leg Med (Tokyo). 2001 Sep;3(3):183 Sudden death due to pituitary apoplexy--Bauer M [Link]; page 219

100 Schlechte JA. Prolactinoma. NEJM 2003; 349: 2035-41.; page 221

101 Consensus Statement. Biochemical assessment and long-term monitoring in patients with acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89: 3099-102.; page 223

102 Clayton RN, Stewart PM, Shalet SM, Wass JAH. Pituitary surgery for acromegaly. BMJ 1999; 319: 588-9.; page 223

103 Korsakoff's psychosis due to massive beer intake provoked by diabetes insipidus. Author: Farr RW, Blankenship DC, Viti A, Albrink MJ. Journal: South Med J; 1988 May ; 81(5):677-8. PubMed ID: 3368823 [Link]; page 225

104 Organic mood disorder, manic type, associated with hyponatremia: a case report. Author: Baar JM. Journal: Int J Psychiatry Med; 1994 ; 24(3):223-8. PubMed ID: 7890480. [Link]; page 225

105 Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma precipitated by lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Author: Azam H, Newton RW, Morris AD, Thompson CJ. Journal: Postgrad Med J; 1998 Jan ; 74(867):39-41. PubMed ID: 9538487. [Link]; page 225

106 Glen J. Weiss: Non-Psychogenic Polydipsia With Hyponatremia: The Internet Journal of Nephrology. 2005; Volume 2, Number 1. [Link]; page 225

Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number

Metabolic syndrome-a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Author: Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Journal: Diabet Med; 2006 May ; 23(5):469-80. PubMed ID: 16681555 [Link]; page 197

Glen J. Weiss: Non-Psychogenic Polydipsia With Hyponatremia: The Internet Journal of Nephrology. 2005; Volume 2, Number 1. [Link]; page 225

The syndrome of psychosis, intermittent hyponatremia, and polydipsia: evidence for diurnal volume expansion. Author: Vieweg WV, Carey RM, Godleski LS, Tisdelle DA, Pruzinsky T, Yank GR. Journal: Psychiatr Med; 1990 ; 8(4):135-44. PubMed ID: 2150890. [Link]; page 225