Web-based references relating to the number under the disk sign
401 Restoring walking after spinal cord injury. Author: Fouad K, Pearson K. Journal: Prog Neurobiol; 2004 Jun ; 73(2):107-26. PubMed ID: 15201036.
[Link]; page 774
402 Exercise recommendations for individuals with spinal cord injury. Au-thor: Jacobs PL, Nash MS. Journal: Sports Med; 2004 ; 34(11):727-51. Pub-Med ID: 15456347.
[Link]; page 774
403 Systematic review of early prediction of poor outcome in anoxic-ischaemic coma. Author: Zandbergen EG, de Haan RJ, Stoutenbeek CP, Koelman JH, Hijdra A. Journal: Lancet; 1998 Dec 5 ; 352(9143):1808-12. PubMed ID: 9851380.
[Link]; page 776
404 Predictive value of somatosensory evoked potentials for awakening from coma. Author: Robinson LR, Micklesen PJ, Tirschwell DL, Lew HL. Journal: Crit Care Med; 2003 Mar ; 31(3):960-7. PubMed ID: 12627012.
[Link]; page 776
405 End of life: the Buddhist view; Damien Keown. The Lancet. London: Sep 10-Sep 16, 2005.Vol.366, Iss. 9489; pg. 952.
[Link]; page 777
406 Nexus cervical spine criteria. Vinson DR. Ann Emerg Med; 2001 Feb ; 37(2):237-8. PubMed ID: 11174248
[Link]; page 778
407 Validity of a set of clinical criteria to rule out injury to the cervical spine in patients with blunt trauma. National Emergency X-Radiography Utiliza-tion Study Group.
[Link]; page 778
408 Retrospective application of the NEXUS low-risk criteria for cervical spine radiography in Canadian emergency departments.
[Link]; page 778
409 [Full-text] BMJ 2002;324:958-962 ( 20 April ). Clinical review Recent developments. Emergency medicine;Daniel M Fatovich
[Link]; page 779
410 The NICE guidelines for Head Injury management can be downloaded from:
[Link]; page 779
411 Computed tomography versus plain radiography to screen for cervical spine injury: a meta-analysis. Author: Holmes JF, Akkinepalli R. Journal: J Trauma; 2005 May ; 58(5):902-5. PubMed ID: 15920400.
[Link]; page 779
412 Cervical spine screening with CT in trauma patients: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
[Link]; page 779
413 Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma. Author: Stengel D, Bauwens K, Sehouli J, Rademacher G, Mutze S, Ekkernkamp A, Porzsolt F. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2005 ; (2):CD004446. PubMed ID: 15846717.
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414 Emergency medicine. Fatovich DM. BMJ; 2002 Apr 20 ; 324(7343):958-62. PubMed ID: 11964343
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415 Randomised controlled trial of general practitioner versus usual medi-cal care in an urban accident and emergency department: process, out-come, and comparative cost. Author: Murphy AW, Bury G, Plunkett PK, Gibney D, Smith M, Mullan E, Johnson Z. Journal: BMJ; 1996 May 4 ; 312(7039):1135-42. PubMed ID: 8620132.
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416 Weather patients will come?
[Link]; page 781
417 Effect of season and weather on pediatric emergency department use. Author: Christoffel KK. Journal: Am J Emerg Med; 1985 Jul ; 3(4):327-30. PubMed ID: 4005005.
[Link]; page 781
418 Temporal and demographic variations in attendance at accident and emergency departments. Author: Downing A, Wilson R. Journal: Emerg Med J; 2002 Nov ; 19(6):531-5. PubMed ID: 12421778.
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419 Oxegen 2004: the impact of a major music festival on the workload of a local hospital. Author: Nix CM, Khan IJ, Hoban M, Little G, Keye G, O'Connor HJ. Journal: Ir Med J; 2006 Jun ; 99(6):167-9. PubMed ID: 16921819.
[Link]; page 781
420 Winning, losing, and violence. Author: Sivarajasingam V, Moore S, Shepherd JP. Journal: Inj Prev; 2005 Apr ; 11(2):69-70. PubMed ID: 15805433.
[Link]; page 781
421 Regional impact of Hurricane Isabel on emergency departments in coastal southeastern Virginia. Author: Smith CM, Graffeo CS. Journal: Acad Emerg Med; 2005 Dec ; 12(12):1201-5. PubMed ID: 16293892.
[Link]; page 781
422 Temporal and demographic variations in attendance at accident and emergency departments. Author: Downing A, Wilson R. Journal: Emerg Med J; 2002 Nov ; 19(6):531-5. PubMed ID: 12421778.
[Link]; page 781
423 The impact of a major televised sporting event on emergency depart-ment census. Author: Reich NT, Moscati R, Jehle D, Ciotoli M. Journal: J Emerg Med; 1994 Jan-Feb ; 12(1):15-7. PubMed ID: 8163798.
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424 Football, television and emergency services Author: Miró O, Sánchez M, Borrás A, Millá J. Journal: Med Clin (Barc); 2000 Apr 15 ; 114(14):538-9. PubMed ID: 10846665.
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425 Dog bites. Morgan M, Palmer J. BMJ; 2007 Feb 24 ; 334(7590):413-7. PubMed ID: 17322257
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426 Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites.
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427 Health protection Agency
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428 Incidence, pathology, and treatment of adder (Vipera berus L.) bites in man. Author: Reading CJ. Journal: J Accid Emerg Med; 1996 Sep ; 13(5):346-51. PubMed ID: 8894864.
[Link]; page 782
429 Immunology of scorpion toxins and perspectives for generation of anti-venom vaccines.
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430 Prazosin therapy and scorpion envenomation.
[Link]; page 782
431 Clinical and echocardiographic findings in patients with myocardial tox-icity due to scorpion sting. Author: Rajasekhar D, Mohan A. Journal: Natl Med J India; 2004 Nov-Dec ; 17(6):307-9. PubMed ID: 15736551.
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432 The authors would like to thank Dr. Andoni Toms, who was the inspi-ration behind the revision of this box.; no link available; page 783
433 An unusual gastric foreign body. Author: Muñoz NA, Takehara H, Hashimoto T, Yoshida K, Komi N. Journal: Acta Paediatr Jpn; 1991 Aug ; 33(4):492-5. PubMed ID: 1792909.
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434 Button battery ingestion: an analysis of 25 cases. Author: Chan YL, Chang SS, Kao KL, Liao HC, Liaw SJ, Chiu TF, Wu ML, Deng JF. Journal: Chang Gung Med J; 2002 Mar ; 25(3):169-74. PubMed ID: 12022737.
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435 The radio-opacity of fishbones--species variation. Author: Ell SR, Sprigg A. Journal: Clin Radiol; 1991 Aug ; 44(2):104-7. PubMed ID: 1884575.
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436 Fish bones at the cricopharyngeus: a comparison of plain-film radiology and computed tomography. Author: Palme CE, Lowinger D, Petersen AJ. Journal: Laryngoscope; 1999 Dec ; 109(12):1955-8. PubMed ID: 10591354.
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437 Image reproduced with kind permission of Jeff Beck
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438 Removing bee stings. Author: Visscher PK, Vetter RS, Camazine S. Journal: Lancet; 1996 Aug 3 ; 348(9023):301-2. PubMed ID: 8709689.
[Link]; page 783
439 Venom allergy. Ewan PW. BMJ; 1998 May 2 ; 316(7141):1365-8. PubMed ID: 9563993
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440 Severe and fatal mass attacks by 'killer' bees (Africanized honey bees--Apis mellifera scutellata) in Brazil: clinicopathological studies with meas-urement of serum venom concentrations. Author: França FO, Benvenuti LA, Fan HW, Dos Santos DR, Hain SH, Picchi-Martins FR, Cardoso JL, Ka-miguti AS, Theakston RD, Warrell DA. Journal: Q J Med; 1994 May ; 87(5):269-82. PubMed ID: 7938407
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441 Roger Snook technique; no link available; page 784
442 Childhood drowning is a global concern. Brenner RA. BMJ; 2002 May 4 ; 324(7345):1049-50. PubMed ID: 11991894
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443 Problems and complications with cold-water rescue. Author: Gies-brecht GG, Hayward JS. Journal: Wilderness Environ Med; 2006 Spring ; 17(1):26-30. PubMed ID: 16538942.
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444 Failure of aggressive therapy to alter outcome in pediatric near-drowning. Author: Spack L, Gedeit R, Splaingard M, Havens PL. Journal: Pe-diatr Emerg Care; 1997 Apr ; 13(2):98-102. PubMed ID: 9127416.
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445 Accidental hypothermia. Mair P, Kornberger E, Hörmann C. Lancet; 1995 Apr 22 ; 345(8956):1048-9. PubMed ID: 7772186
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446 Survival in adults after cardiac arrest due to drowning. Author: Edwards ND, Timmins AC, Randalls B, Morgan GA, Simcock AD. Journal: Intensive Care Med; 1990 ; 16(5):336-7. PubMed ID: 2212263.
[Link]; page 786
447 Bodies recovered from wells, sewerage systems and pits: what is the cause of death?
[Link]; page 786
448 Childhood drowning is a global concern. Brenner RA. BMJ; 2002 May 4 ; 324(7345):1049-50. PubMed ID: 11991894
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449 Water safety training as a potential means of reducing risk of young children's drowning. Author: Asher KN, Rivara FP, Felix D, Vance L, Dunne R. Journal: Inj Prev; 1995 Dec ; 1(4):228-33. PubMed ID: 9346036.
[Link]; page 787
450 [No abstract] Drowning statistics
[Link]; page 787
451 Epidemiology of hospitalizations and deaths from heat illness in sol-diers.
[Link]; page 788
452 Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes.
[Link]; page 788
453 Drug-associated heat stroke.
[Link]; page 788
454 Fluid and electrolyte disturbances in heat illness. Author: Noakes TD. Journal: Int J Sports Med; 1998 Jun ; 19 Suppl 2():S146-9. PubMed ID: 9694423.
[Link]; page 788
455 Heat stroke: a comprehensive review. Author: Yeo TP. Journal: AACN Clin Issues; 2004 Apr-Jun ; 15(2):280-93. PubMed ID: 15461044.
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456 Exertional heat illness and hyponatremia in hikers. Author: Backer HD, Shopes E, Collins SL, Barkan H. Journal: Am J Emerg Med; 1999 Oct ; 17(6):532-9. PubMed ID: 10530529.
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457 A systematic review of guidelines for the prevention of heat illness in community-based sports participants and officials. Author: Larsen T, Kumar S, Grimmer K, Potter A, Farquharson T, Sharpe P. Journal: J Sci Med Sport; 2007 Feb ; 10(1):11-26. PubMed ID: 16952483.
[Link]; page 788
458 The topic of electrocution injury covered at emedicine.com
[Link]; page 789
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, or-ganised by page number
Image of orthopaedic screw and fixing courtesy of Fabio Conteduca MD.
[Link]; page 656
Lesson of the week: exacerbating cervical spine injury by applying a hard collar.
Papadopoulos MC, Chakraborty A, Waldron G, Bell BA.
BMJ; 1999 Jul 17 ; 319(7203):171-2. PubMed ID: 10406758
[Link]; page 658
Effectiveness of the boston brace in treatment of large curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Author: Wiley JW, Thomson JD, Mitchell TM, Smith BG, Banta JV. Journal: Spine; 2000 Sep 15 ; 25(18):2326-32. PubMed ID: 10984784.
[Link]; page 673
A population based historical cohort study of the mortality associated with nabumetone, Arthrotec, diclofenac, and naproxen. Author: Ashworth NL, Peloso PM, Muhajarine N, Stang M. Journal: J Rheumatol; 2004 May ; 31(5):951-6. PubMed ID: 15124256
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Long-term results of extracorporeal shockwave treatment for plantar fas-ciitis. Author: Wang CJ, Wang FS, Yang KD, Weng LH, Ko JY. Journal: Am J Sports Med; 2006 Apr ; 34(4):592-6. PubMed ID: 16556754.
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NICE guidance on improving outcomes for people with sarcoma
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Radiol Clin North Am. 1993 Mar;31(2):237-59. Giudici MA. Cartilaginous bone tumors.
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See
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N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 14;340(2):156. Adler RH. The stethoscope as a diag-nostic aid in tenosynovitis.
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CMAJ. 2002 Feb 19;166(4):437-41. Busse JW. The effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy on time to fracture healing: a meta-analysis.
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Should smokers be refused surgery? Peters MJ. BMJ; 2007 Jan 6 ; 334(7583):20. PubMed ID: 17204799
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MRI for physicists
[Link]; page 755
fourth type of brachial plexus injury: middle lesion (C7). Author: Brunelli GA, Brunelli GR. Journal: Ital J Orthop Traumatol; 1992 ; 18(3):389-93. PubMed ID: 1308885.
[Link]; page 764
Priapism--pathogenesis and therapy Author: Tscholl R. Journal: Schweiz Med Wochenschr; 1975 Apr 26 ; 105(17):517-21. PubMed ID: 1098140.
[Link]; page 767
Priapus legends
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Categories of non-heart-beating donors. Kootstra G, Daemen JH, Oomen AP. Transplant Proc; 1995 Oct ; 27(5):2893-4. PubMed ID: 7482956
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Accuracy of Ottawa ankle rules to exclude fractures of the ankle and mid-foot: systematic review. Author: Bachmann LM, Kolb E, Koller MT, Steurer J, ter Riet G. Journal: BMJ; 2003 Feb 22 ; 326(7386):417. PubMed ID: 12595378.
[Link]; page 778
