Chapter 11: Orthopaedics and Trauma 1-200

Web-based references relating to the number under the disk sign

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2 Radiography versus Spiral CT in the Evaluation of Cervicothoracic Junction Injuries in Polytrauma Patients Who Have Undergone Intubation. Louise M. E. Jelly 2000 [Link]; page 658

3 Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalities. Author: Buldini B, Amigoni A, Faggin R, Laverda AM. Journal: Eur J Pediatr; 2006 Feb ; 165(2):108-11. PubMed ID: 16235053. [Link]; page 658

4 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 659

5 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 659

6 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 659

7 Picture courtesy of Professor Peter Scally.; no link available; page 659

8 Botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia. Author: Costa J, Espírito-Santo C, Borges A, Ferreira JJ, Coelho M, Moore P, Sampaio C. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2005 ; (1):CD004315. PubMed ID: 15674941. [Link]; page 660

9 Botulinum toxin type A therapy for cervical dystonia. Author: Costa J, Espírito-Santo C, Borges A, Ferreira JJ, Coelho M, Moore P, Sampaio C. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2005 ; (1):CD003633. PubMed ID: 15674910. [Link]; page 660

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13 Conservative treatments for whiplash. Author: Verhagen AP, Scholten-Peeters GG, de Bie RA, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (1):CD003338. PubMed ID: 14974013. [Link]; page 661

14 Link no longer available">[Link]; page 661

15 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 661

16 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 661

17 Arthroscopic versus open repair for traumatic anterior shoulder instabil-ity: a meta-analysis. Author: Mohtadi NG, Bitar IJ, Sasyniuk TM, Hollinshead RM, Harper WP. Journal: Arthroscopy; 2005 Jun ; 21(6):652-8. PubMed ID: 15944618. [Link]; page 662

18 Open Bankart repair versus arthroscopic repair with transglenoid su-tures or bioabsorbable tacks for Recurrent Anterior instability of the shoul-der: a meta-analysis. Author: Freedman KB, Smith AP, Romeo AA, Cole BJ, Bach BR. Journal: Am J Sports Med; 2004 Sep ; 32(6):1520-7. PubMed ID: 15310581. [Link]; page 662

19 Posterior shoulder dislocation: avoiding a missed diagnosis. Author: Per-ron AD, Jones RL. Journal: Am J Emerg Med; 2000 Mar ; 18(2):189-91. Pub-Med ID: 10750929. [Link]; page 662

20 Shoulder joint image. Redrawn, after [Link]; page 663

21 After David Klemm, 1999 from [Link]; page 663

22 © OUP; no link available; page 663

23 For many more shoulder clinical examination tests, see: [Link]; page 663

24 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001156. Green S. Interven-tions for shoulder pain. Medline abstract, meta-analysis [Link]; page 664

25 Shoulder impingement syndrome: relationships between clinical, func-tional, and radiologic findings. Author: Ardic F, Kahraman Y, Kacar M, Kah-raman MC, Findikoglu G, Yorgancioglu ZR. Journal: Am J Phys Med Rehabil; 2006 Jan ; 85(1):53-60. PubMed ID: 16357549. [Link]; page 664

26 US of the shoulder: rotator cuff and non-rotator cuff disorders. Author: Papatheodorou A, Ellinas P, Takis F, Tsanis A, Maris I, Batakis N. Journal: Radiographics; 2006 Jan-Feb ; 26(1):e23. PubMed ID: 16352733. [Link]; page 664

27 Rotator cuff tears in asymptomatic individuals: a clinical and ultrasono-graphic screening study. Author: Schibany N, Zehetgruber H, Kainberger F, Wurnig C, Ba-Ssalamah A, Herneth AM, Lang T, Gruber D, Breitenseher MJ. Journal: Eur J Radiol; 2004 Sep ; 51(3):263-8. PubMed ID: 15294335. [Link]; page 664

28 Corticosteroid injections for shoulder pain. Author: Buchbinder R, Green S, Youd JM. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; (1):CD004016. PubMed ID: 12535501. [Link]; page 664

29 Double blind randomized clinical trial examining the efficacy of bupiva-caine suprascapular nerve blocks in frozen shoulder. Author: Dahan TH, Fortin L, Pelletier M, Petit M, Vadeboncoeur R, Suissa S. Journal: J Rheuma-tol; 2000 Jun ; 27(6):1464-9. PubMed ID: 10852272. [Link]; page 664

30 The results of arthroplasty in osteoarthritis of the shoulder. Author: Haines JF, Trail IA, Nuttall D, Birch A, Barrow A. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Br; 2006 Apr ; 88(4):496-501. PubMed ID: 16567785. [Link]; page 664

31 Rotator cuff tear redrawn, after [Link]; page 665

32 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 665

33 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 665

34 Electrogoniometer for the measurement of human elbow joint rotation. Author: Chao EY, An KN, Askew LJ, Morrey BF. Journal: J Biomech Eng; 1980 Nov ; 102(4):301-10. PubMed ID: 6965193. [Link]; page 666

35 Lack of scientific evidence for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. An attempted meta-analysis. Author: Labelle H, Guibert R, Jon-cas J, Newman N, Fallaha M, Rivard CH. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Br; 1992 Sep ; 74(5):646-51. PubMed ID: 1388172. [Link]; page 666

36 Surgery for lateral elbow pain. Author: Buchbinder R, Green S, Bell S, Barnsley L, Smidt N, Assendelft WJ. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2002 ; (1):CD003525. PubMed ID: 11869670. [Link]; page 666

37 J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1994 Jan;2(1):1-8. Jobe FW. Lateral and Medial Epicondylitis of the Elbow. [Link]; page 666

38 Septic and non-septic olecranon bursitis in the accident and emergency department--an approach to management. Author: Stell IM. Journal: J Accid Emerg Med; 1996 Sep ; 13(5):351-3. PubMed ID: 8894865. [Link]; page 666

39 © OUP; no link available; page 667

40 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 667

41 Severe Dupuytren's contracture of the proximal interphalangeal joint: treatment by two-stage technique. Author: Rajesh KR, Rex C, Mehdi H, Martin C, Fahmy NR. Journal: J Hand Surg [Br]; 2000 Oct ; 25(5):442-4. PubMed ID: 10991808. [Link]; page 668

42 Hyaluronidase versus surgical excision of ganglia: a prospective, random-ized clinical trial. Author: Jagers Op Akkerhuis M, Van Der Heijden M, Brink PR. Journal: J Hand Surg [Br]; 2002 Jun ; 27(3):256-8. PubMed ID: 12074614. [Link]; page 668

43 Prognosis of wrist ganglion operations. Author: Gündes H, Cirpici Y, Sarlak A, Müezzinoglu S. Journal: Acta Orthop Belg; 2000 Oct ; 66(4):363-7. PubMed ID: 11103488. [Link]; page 668

44 Abductor pollicis longus tendon rupture in De Quervain's disease. [Link]; page 668

45 H. Finkelstein: Stenosing tendovaginitis at the radial styloid process. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1930, 12: 509-540. [Link]; page 668

46 J Hand Surg [Br]. 2001 Jun;26(3):258-60. Lane LB. Treatment of de Quer-vain's disease:role of conservative management. [Link]; page 668

47 Chirurg. 1996 Jul;67(7):740-3 (German). Wetterkamp D. [Surgical treat-ment and results of healing of de Quervain stenosing tenovaginitis] [Link]; page 668

48 [Topical corticosteroid injection for 'trigger finger': good short-term re-sults, but fairly high risk of recurrence] [Link]; page 668

49 Trigger digits: diagnosis and treatment. Author: Saldana MJ. Journal: J Am Acad Orthop Surg; 2001 Jul-Aug ; 9(4):246-52. PubMed ID: 11476534. [Link]; page 668

50 Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the upper extremity. Author: Botte MJ, Keenan MA, Gelberman RH. Journal: Hand Clin; 1998 Aug ; 14(3):483-97, x. PubMed ID: 9742427. [Link]; page 668

51 Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the upper extremity. Author: Botte MJ, Keenan MA, Gelberman RH. Journal: Hand Clin; 1998 Aug ; 14(3):483-97, x. PubMed ID: 9742427. [Link]; page 668

52 © OUP; no link available; page 669

53 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 669

54 Diagnostic value of history and physical examination in patients sus-pected of lumbosacral nerve root compression. Author: Vroomen PC, de Krom MC, Wilmink JT, Kester AD, Knottnerus JA. Journal: J Neurol Neuro-surg Psychiatry; 2002 May ; 72(5):630-4. PubMed ID: 11971050. [Link]; page 670

55 Natural history of congenital kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis. A study of one hundred and twelve patients. Author: McMaster MJ, Singh H. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am; 1999 Oct ; 81(10):1367-83. PubMed ID: 10535587. [Link]; page 672

56 Image from OUP image bank; no link available; page 672

57 Why do almost all mammals have seven cervical vertebrae? Develop-mental constraints, Hox genes, and cancer. [Link]; page 673

58 Image © OUP; no link available; page 673

59 The Cochrane review of surgery for lumbar disc prolapse and degenera-tive lumbar spondylosis. [Link]; page 674

60 J Weinstein 2008 NEJM 358 794. Surgical versus nonsurgical therapy for lumbar spinal stenosis. [Link]; page 674

61 [Link]; page 675

62 Picture courtesy of Dr Mark Brinsden.; no link available; page 675

63 Pictures courtesy of Dr Mark Brinsden.; no link available; page 675

64 Imaging studies for acute low back pain--when and when not to order them. Thomas O. Staiger [Link]; page 676

65 Br J Gen Pract. 1995 Sep;45(398):456-7. Hemingway H. Bad backs, good policy? [Link]; page 676

66 The treatment of acute low back pain--bed rest, exercises, or ordinary activity?Author: Malmivaara A, Häkkinen U, Aro T, Heinrichs ML, Koskenniemi L, Kuosma E, Lappi S, Paloheimo R, Servo C, Vaaranen V.Journal: N Engl J Med; 1995 Feb 9 ; 332(6):351-5. PubMed ID: 7823996. [Link]; page 676

67 Muscle relaxants for non-specific low back pain. Author: van Tulder MW, Touray T, Furlan AD, Solway S, Bouter LM. Journal: Cochrane Data-base Syst Rev; 2003 ; (2):CD004252. PubMed ID: 12804507. [Link]; page 676

68 Arch Intern Med. 2002 Jan 14;162(1):19-24. Salerno SM. The effect of antidepressant treatment on chronic back pain: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 676

69 Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain. Author: Assendelft WJ, Morton SC, Yu EI, Suttorp MJ, Shekelle PG. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (1):CD000447. PubMed ID: 14973958. [Link]; page 676

70 Randomised controlled trial to compare surgical stabilisation of the lum-bar spine with an intensive rehabilitation programme for patients with chronic low back pain: the MRC spine stabilisation trial. Author: Fairbank J, Frost H, Wilson-MacDonald J, Yu LM, Barker K, Collins R, Spine Stabilisa-tion Trial Group . Journal: BMJ; 2005 May 28 ; 330(7502):1233. PubMed ID: 15911537. [Link]; page 676

71 Lumbar spine arthroplasty using the ProDisc II. Author: Zigler JE. Journal: Spine J; 2004 Nov-Dec ; 4(6 Suppl):260S-267S. PubMed ID: 15541675. [Link]; page 677

72 The effects of an interspinous implant on intervertebral disc pressures. Author: Swanson KE, Lindsey DP, Hsu KY, Zucherman JF, Yerby SA. Jour-nal: Spine; 2003 Jan 1 ; 28(1):26-32. PubMed ID: 12544951. [Link]; page 677

73 Surgery for lumbar disc prolapse. Author: Gibson JN, Grant IC, Waddell G. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2000 ; (3):CD001350. PubMed ID: 10908492. [Link]; page 677

74 Image reproduced with kind permission of Dr Aaron Filler; Do You Really Need Back Surgery? OUP, 2004. ; no link available; page 677

75 Image kindly provided by Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc. METRx® Sys-tem incorporates technology developed by Gary K. Michelson, MD; no link available; page 677

76 [Link]; page 678

77 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 679

78 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 679

79 [Link]; page 679

80 BMJ 1997;314:1639 Editorial. Why does acute back pain become chronic? [Link]; page 679

81 Hip movements [Link]; page 680

82 Image © OUP; no link available; page 680

83 Diseases of the hip joint in childhood and adolescence--ultrasonic differ-ential diagnoses Author: Konermann W, Gruber G. Journal: Orthopade; 2002 Mar ; 31(3):288-92. PubMed ID: 12017857. [Link]; page 682

84 A randomized clinical trial: should the child with transient synovitis of the hip be treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? Author: Ker-mond S, Fink M, Graham K, Carlin JB, Barnett P. Journal: Ann Emerg Med; 2002 Sep ; 40(3):294-9. PubMed ID: 12192353. [Link]; page 682

85 Growth and development of the child's hip. Author: Lee MC, Eberson CP. Journal: Orthop Clin North Am; 2006 Apr ; 37(2):119-32, v. PubMed ID: 16638443. [Link]; page 682

86 Different methods of treatment related to the bilateral occurrence of Perthes' disease. Author: Futami T, Suzuki S. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Br; 1997 Nov ; 79(6):979-82. PubMed ID: 9393917. [Link]; page 682

87 Acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis: the importance of physeal stabil-ity. Author: Loder RT, Richards BS, Shapiro PS, Reznick LR, Aronson DD. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am; 1993 Aug ; 75(8):1134-40. PubMed ID: 8354671. [Link]; page 682

88 Slipped upper femoral epiphysis--a review of 12 years of experience in Glasgow (1972-1983). [Link]; page 682

89 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 683

90 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 683

91 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 683

92 Image by Tom Turmezei after OHCM5; no link available; page 683

93 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 683

94 Clinical screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in Northern Ireland. Author: Maxwell SL, Ruiz AL, Lappin KJ, Cosgrove AP. Journal: BMJ; 2002 Apr 27 ; 324(7344):1031-3. PubMed ID: 11976249 [Link]; page 684

95 Screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: a systematic literature review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Author: Shipman SA, Helfand M, Moyer VA, Yawn BP. Journal: Pediatrics; 2006 Mar ; 117(3):e557-76. PubMed ID: 16510634. [Link]; page 684

96 Ultrasonography in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns: systematic review. Author: Woolacott NF, Puhan MA, Steurer J, Kleijnen J. Journal: BMJ; 2005 Jun 18 ; 330(7505):1413. PubMed ID: 15930025. [Link]; page 684

97 The functional method of treatment using a harness with stirrups as the primary method of conservative therapy for infants with congenital disloca-tion of the hip. 1957. Pavlik A. Clin Orthop Relat Res; 1992 Aug ; (281):4-10. PubMed ID: 1499225 [Link]; page 684

98 Developmental dysplasia of the hip from six months to four years of age. Author: Vitale MG, Skaggs DL. Journal: J Am Acad Orthop Surg; 2001 Nov-Dec ; 9(6):401-11. PubMed ID: 11730331. [Link]; page 684

99 Image Image © OUP; no link available; page 687

100 Image Image © OUP; no link available; page 687

101 Chondromalacia patellae: an in vitro study. Comparison of MR criteria with histologic and macroscopic findings. [Link]; page 688

102 Selective training of the vastus medialis muscle using electrical stimula-tor for chondromalacia patella [Link]; page 688

103 Pharmacotherapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome. Author: Heintjes E, Berger MY, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Bernsen RM, Verhaar JA, Koes BW. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (3):CD003470. PubMed ID: 15266488. [Link]; page 688

104 Painful bipartite patella. A new approach to operative treatment. [Link]; page 688

105 Operative treatment of primary patellar dislocation does not improve medium-term outcome: A 7-year follow-up report and risk analysis of 127 randomized patients. Author: Nikku R, Nietosvaara Y, Aalto K, Kallio PE. Journal: Acta Orthop; 2005 Oct ; 76(5):699-704. PubMed ID: 16263618. [Link]; page 688

106 Acute and chronic patella dislocations. Therapeutic strategies in Danish orthopedic departments Author: Johannsen HG, Gad D, Heidemann ED. Journal: Ugeskr Laeger; 2000 Aug 21 ; 162(34):4523-5. PubMed ID: 10981218. [Link]; page 688

107 Superior results with eccentric compared to concentric quadriceps training in patients with jumper's knee: a prospective randomised study. Author: Jonsson P, Alfredson H. Journal: Br J Sports Med; 2005 Nov ; 39(11):847-50. PubMed ID: 16244196. [Link]; page 688

108 Practical management of iliotibial band friction syndrome in runners. Author: Fredericson M, Weir A. Journal: Clin J Sport Med; 2006 May ; 16(3):261-8. PubMed ID: 16778549. [Link]; page 688

109 Hoffa's disease of the adipose pad: magnetic resonance versus surgical findings] Author: Morini G, Chiodi E, Centanni F, Gattazzo D. Journal: Ra-diol Med (Torino); 1998 Apr ; 95(4):278-85. PubMed ID: 9676203. [Link]; page 688

110 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 689

111 Image courtesy of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust [Link]; page 689

112 Arthroscopic treatment of lateral meniscal cysts using an outside-in technique. Author: Tudisco C, Meo A, Blasucci C, Ippolito E. Journal: Am J Sports Med; 2000 Sep-Oct ; 28(5):683-6. PubMed ID: 11032225. [Link]; page 690

113 Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee: a radiology case report. Author: Tatum R. Journal: J Manipulative Physiol Ther; 2000 Jun ; 23(5):347-51. Pub-Med ID: 10863255. [Link]; page 690

114 [Link]; page 690

115 Intra-articular tophus presenting as a loose body. Author: Hammoudeh M, Siam AR, Shah S. Journal: Clin Rheumatol; 1998 ; 17(5):400-2. PubMed ID: 9805188. [Link]; page 690

116 Image courtesy of the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust; no link available; page 691

117 A meta-analysis of sex differences prevalence, incidence and severity of osteoarthritis. Author: Srikanth VK, Fryer JL, Zhai G, Winzenberg TM, Hosmer D, Jones G. Journal: Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 2005 Sep ; 13(9):769-81. PubMed ID: 15978850. [Link]; page 691

118 Weight loss reduces the risk for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in women. The Framingham Study. Author: Felson DT, Zhang Y, Anthony JM, Naimark A, Anderson JJ. Journal: Ann Intern Med; 1992 Apr 1 ; 116(7):535-9. PubMed ID: 1543306. [Link]; page 691

119 EULAR recommendations for the management of knee osteoarthritis: report of a task force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT). Author: Pendleton A, Arden N, Dougadoset al. Journal: Ann Rheum Dis; 2000 Dec ; 59(12):936-44. Pub-Med ID: 11087696. [Link]; page 691

120 Non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis of the knee. Author: Watson MC, Brookes ST, Kirwan JR, Faulkner A. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2000 ; (2):CD000142. PubMed ID: 10796306 [Link]; page 691

121 M Underwood 2008 BMJ 336 138 Advice to use topical or oral ibupro-fen for chronic knee pain in older people. [Link]; page 691

122 Intraarticular corticosteroid for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Author: Bellamy N, Campbell J, Robinson V, Gee T, Bourne R, Wells G. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2006 ; (2):CD005328. PubMed ID: 16625636. [Link]; page 691

123 Effects of joint lavage and steroid injection in patients with osteoarthri-tis of the knee: results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Au-thor: Ravaud P, Moulinier L, Giraudeau B, Ayral X, Guerin C, Noel E, Thomas P, Fautrel B, Mazieres B, Dougados M. Journal: Arthritis Rheum; 1999 Mar ; 42(3):475-82. PubMed ID: 10088770. [Link]; page 691

124 Viscosupplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. [Link]; page 691

125 Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for knee osteoarthritis. Au-thor: Osiri M, Welch V, Brosseau L, Shea B, McGowan J, Tugwell P, Wells G. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2000 ; (4):CD002823. PubMed ID: 11034768. [Link]; page 691

126 Intensity of exercise for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Author: Brosseau L, MacLeay L, Robinson V, Wells G, Tugwell P. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; (2):CD004259. PubMed ID: 12804510. [Link]; page 691

127 [Link]; page 691

128 See [Link]; page 691

129 Interventions for treating hallux valgus (abductovalgus) and bunions. Author: Ferrari J, Higgins JP, Prior TD. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (1):CD000964. PubMed ID: 14973960. [Link]; page 692

130 Image © OUP; no link available; page 692

131 The Viladot implant in flatfooted children. Author: Black PR, Betts RP, Duckworth T, Smith TW. Journal: Foot Ankle Int; 2000 Jun ; 21(6):478-81. PubMed ID: 10884106. [Link]; page 692

132 Dr Emma Lackey & Mr Ron Sutton 2004 GP for 3 Dec 2004 page 53. [Link]; page 692

133 Correction of hallux valgus. Metatarsal osteotomy versus excision ar-throplasty. [Link]; page 693

134 Interventions for treating hallux valgus (abductovalgus) and bunions. [Link]; page 693

135 Picture courtesy of Professor Peter Scally. ; no link available; page 693

136 A precis of the life of William Osler can be found at: [Link]; page 693

137 The crescentic first metatarsal basilar osteotomy for correction of metatarsus primus varus. Author: Fox IM, Caffiero L, Pappas E. Journal: J Foot Ankle Surg; 1999 May-Jun ; 38(3):203-7. PubMed ID: 10384359. [Link]; page 694

138 Outcome of treatment of ingrown toe nails in the child Author: Hey-manns M, Berger S, Würfel A. Journal: Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir; 1997 Nov ; 29(6):307-13. PubMed ID: 9483428. [Link]; page 694

139 Surgical treatments for ingrowing toenails. Author: Rounding C, Hulm S. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2000 ; (2):CD001541. PubMed ID: 10796808. [Link]; page 694

140 Morton's metatarsalgia: pathogenesis, aetiology and current manage-ment. Author: Hassouna H, Singh D. Journal: Acta Orthop Belg; 2005 Dec ; 71(6):646-55. PubMed ID: 16459852. [Link]; page 694

141 Morton neuroma and metatarsalgia. Author: Wu KK. Journal: Curr Opin Rheumatol; 2000 Mar ; 12(2):131-42. PubMed ID: 10751016. [Link]; page 694

142 Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of heel pain. Author: Karr JC. Journal: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc; 1999 Jul ; 89(7):364-7. PubMed ID: 10423942. [Link]; page 694

143 Eekhof, Just A. 2005 Minor Ailments in Primary Care. Elsevier / But-terworth-Heinemann, 0-7506-8837-8 [Link]; page 694

144 Operative repair of fourth and fifth toe corns. Author: Coughlin MJ, Kennedy MP. Journal: Foot Ankle Int; 2003 Feb ; 24(2):147-57. PubMed ID: 12627623. [Link]; page 694

145 Redrawn after'The foot clinic' [Link]; page 695

146 Image © OUP; no link available; page 695

147 [Link]; page 696

148 [Link]; page 696

149 [Link]; page 696

150 [Link]; page 696

151 Prospective, randomized comparison of sequential intravenous fol-lowed by oral ciprofloxacin with intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of serious infections. [Link]; page 696

152 Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of osteomye-litis in adults. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration. Author: Mader JT, Norden C, Nelson JD, Calandra GB. Journal: Clin Infect Dis; 1992 Nov ; 15 Suppl 1():S155-61. PubMed ID: 1477223. [Link]; page 696

153 Nuclear medicine imaging of bone infections. Author: Prandini N, Lazzeri E, Rossi B, Erba P, Parisella MG, Signore A. Journal: Nucl Med Commun; 2006 Aug ; 27(8):633-44. PubMed ID: 16829764. [Link]; page 696

154 Acute osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children. Author: Goergens ED, McEvoy A, Watson M, Barrett IR. Journal: J Paediatr Child Health; 2005 Jan-Feb ; 41(1-2):59-62. PubMed ID: 15670227. [Link]; page 696

155 For more on Percival Pott and his portfolio of eponyms, see: [Link]; page 696

156 The accuracy of diagnostic imaging for the assessment of chronic os-teomyelitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Author: Termaat MF, Raijmakers PG, Scholten HJ, Bakker FC, Patka P, Haarman HJ. Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am; 2005 Nov ; 87(11):2464-71. PubMed ID: 16264122. [Link]; page 696

157 Costosternal swelling and diffuse bone pain in tubercular osteomyelitis Author: Hemmen T, Stölzel U, Höffken G, Vesper J, Sieper J, Distler A, Braun J. Journal: Dtsch Med Wochenschr; 1997 May 9 ; 122(19):610-4. Pub-Med ID: 9182026. [Link]; page 696

158 Image courtesy of the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust; no link available; page 697

159 Image courtesy of the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust; no link available; page 697

160 Image courtesy of the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust; no link available; page 697

161 High-resolution whole-body magnetic resonance image tumor staging with the use of parallel imaging versus dual-modality positron emission to-mography-computed tomography: experience on a 32-channel system. Au-thor: Schmidt GP, Baur-Melnyk A, Herzog P, Schmid R, Tiling R, Schmidt M, Reiser MF, Schoenberg SO. Journal: Invest Radiol; 2005 Dec ; 40(12):743-53. PubMed ID: 16304476. [Link]; page 698

162 Simplified vs complex adjuvant chemotherapy schedule for osteosar-coma. Blum RH. Lancet; 1997 Sep 27 ; 350(9082):900-1. PubMed ID: 9314864 [Link]; page 698

163 Prognostic factors in Ewing's tumor of bone: analysis of 975 patients from the European Intergroup Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Study Group. Author: Cotterill SJ, Ahrens S, Paulussen M, Jürgens HF, Voûte PA, Gadner H, Craft AW. Journal: J Clin Oncol; 2000 Sep ; 18(17):3108-14. PubMed ID: 10963639. [Link]; page 698

164 Chondroma and chondrosarcoma. Author: Somers J, Faber LP. Journal: Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg; 1999 Jul ; 11(3):270-7. PubMed ID: 10451259. [Link]; page 698

165 [Sacral chordoma: retrospective review of 11 surgically treated cases] [Link]; page 698

166 Radiofrequency treatment. Author: Rosenthal DI. Journal: Orthop Clin North Am; 2006 Jul ; 37(3):475-84, viii. PubMed ID: 16846772. [Link]; page 699

167 The triad of gastric leiomyosarcoma, functioning extra-adrenal paragan-glioma and pulmonary chondroma. Carney JA, Sheps SG, Go VL, Gordon H. N Engl J Med; 1977 Jun 30 ; 296(26):1517-8. PubMed ID: 865533 [Link]; page 699

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