Chapter 02: Paediatrics 401-600

Web-based references relating to the number under the disk sign

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402 Can J Cardiol. 2000 Jun;16(6):801-11. Fernandes E. Diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents. [Link]; page 156

403 J Cherry 2008. Croup. NEJM 358 384. [Link]; page 158

404 Detection of differences in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of diphtheria toxin from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans causing extrapharyngeal infections. Author: Sing A, Hogardt M, Bierschenk S, Heesemann J. Journal: J Clin Microbiol; 2003 Oct ; 41(10):4848-51. PubMed ID: 14532240 [Link]; page 158

405 Diphtheria. Author: Vitek CR. Journal: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol; 2006 ; 304():71-94. PubMed ID: 16989265. [Link]; page 158

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407 Epiglottitis X-ray image courtesy of Dr William Herring [Link]; page 159

408 Adenoviral infections in children: the impact of rapid diagnosis. Rocholl C, Gerber K, Daly J, Pavia AT, Byington CL. Pediatrics [NLM - MEDLINE]. Jan 2004.Vol.113, Iss. 1; Part 1. pg. e51 [Link]; page 160

409 American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis was published in Pediatrics. [Link]; page 160

410 Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis. Author: Gadomski AM, Bhasale AL. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2006 ; 3():CD001266. PubMed ID: 16855963. [Link]; page 160

411 Additive effects of dexamethasone in nebulized salbutamol or l-epinephrine treated infants with acute bronchiolitis. Author: Kuyucu S, Unal S, Kuyucu N, Yilgor E. Journal: Pediatr Int; 2004 10 ; 46(5):539-544. PubMed ID: 15491380 [Link]; page 160

412 Pediatrics. 1997 Mar;99(3):E7. Law BJ. Does ribavirin impact on the hospital course of children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection? An analysis using the pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in Canada (PICNIC) RSV database. [Link]; page 160

413 Clarithromycin in the treatment of RSV bronchiolitis: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Author: Tahan F, Ozcan A, Koc N. Journal: Eur Respir J; 2007 Jan ; 29(1):91-7. PubMed ID: 17050564. [Link]; page 160

414 Dexamethasone inhalations in RSV bronchiolitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Author: Bentur L, Shoseyov D, Feigenbaum D, Gorichovsky Y, Bibi H. Journal: Acta Paediatr; 2005 Jul ; 94(7):866-71. PubMed ID: 16188807. [Link]; page 160

415 Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old. Author: Perrotta C, Ortiz Z, Roque M. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2007 ; (1):CD004873. PubMed ID: 17253527. [Link]; page 160

416 Passive immunisation of preterm infants with palivizumab against RSV infection. Author: Harkensee C, Brodlie M, Embleton ND, Mckean M. Journal: J Infect; 2006 Jan ; 52(1):2-8. PubMed ID: 16236360. [Link]; page 160

417 Management of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Author: Chetty K, Thomson AH. Journal: Paediatr Drugs; 2007 ; 9(6):401-11. PubMed ID: 18052410. [Link]; page 160

418 Ambulatory short-course high-dose oral amoxicillin for treatment of severe pneumonia in children: a randomised equivalency trial. Author: Hazir T.Journal: Lancet; 2008 Jan 5 ; 371(9606):49-56. PubMed ID: 18177775 [Link]; page 160

419 Chloramphenicol versus ampicillin plus gentamicin for community acquired very severe pneumonia among children aged 2-59 months in low resource settings: multicentre randomised controlled trial (SPEAR study). [Link]; page 160

420 Efficacy and safety of cefepime in late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in infants: a pilot randomized and controlled study. [Link]; page 160

421 Brief hospitalization and pulse oximetry for predicting amoxicillin treatment failure in children with severe pneumonia. Author: Fu LY, Ruthazer R, Wilson I, Patel A, Fox LM, Tuan TA, Jeena P, Chisaka N, Hassan M, Lozano J, Maulen-Radovan I, Thea DM, Qazi S, Hibberd P. Journal: Pediatrics; 2006 Dec ; 118(6):e1822-30. PubMed ID: 17142503. [Link]; page 160

422 Chapter 3: management of TB in the HIV-infected child. Author: Stop TB Partnership Childhood TB Subgroup , World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland . Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis; 2006 Dec ; 10(12):1331-6. PubMed ID: 17167948. [Link]; page 160

423 Chapter 3: management of TB in the HIV-infected child. Author: Stop TB Partnership Childhood TB Subgroup , World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland . Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis; 2006 Dec ; 10(12):1331-6. PubMed ID: 17167948. [Link]; page 160

424 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2003;88:802-806 Severe and unrecognised: pertussis in UK infants--N S Crowcroft [Link]; page 160

425 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2003;88:802-806 Severe and unrecognised: pertussis in UK infants--N S Crowcroft [Link]; page 160

426 Controlled study of respiratory viruses and wheezing. P C Parkin, C Y Taylor, M Petric, S Schuh, et al. Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Sep 2002.Vol.87, Iss. 3; pg. 221, 2 pgs [Link]; page 161

428 Viral Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Infections With Cough in Infancy: A Community-Based Birth Cohort Study. Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J; 2008 Jan 2 ; ():. PubMed ID: 18174876 [Link]; page 161

429 Viral Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Infections With Cough in Infancy: A Community-Based Birth Cohort Study. Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J; 2008 Jan 2 ; ():. PubMed ID: 18174876. [Link]; page 161

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431 BMJ. 1998 May 23;316(7144):1546-7. Cochran D. Diagnosing and treating chesty infants. A short trial of inhaled corticosteroid is probably the best approach. [Link]; page 161

432 Effectiveness of an herbal preparation containing echinacea, propolis, and vitamin C in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Author: Cohen HA, Varsano I, Kahan E, Sarrell EM, Uziel Y. Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med; 2004 Mar ; 158(3):217-21. PubMed ID: 14993078. [Link]; page 161

433 Archives of Disease in Childhood Education and Practice Edition 2004;89:ep39--Herbal preparation to prevent respiratory tract infections. [Link]; page 161

434 Vitamins & Intestinal Cancer [Link]; page 161

435 Evidence based guidelines for the performance of the sweat test for the investigation of cystic fibrosis in the UK--J H Baumer. Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Dec 2003.Vol.88, Iss. 12; pg. 1126 [Link]; page 162

436 Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 15;159(2):472-6. Magner E. Photochemical generation and reactions of heme cation radicals in heme proteins. [Link]; page 162

437 J Inherit Metab Dis. 2003;26(8):729-44. Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis: France rises to the challenge--Farriaux JP [Link]; page 162

438 Antibiotic treatment of multidrug-resistant organisms in cystic fibrosis. Author: Conway SP, Brownlee KG, Denton M, Peckham DG.Journal: Am J Respir Med; 2003 ; 2(4):321-32. PubMed ID: 14719998. [Link]; page 162

439 Antibiotic treatment of multidrug-resistant organisms in cystic fibrosis. Author: Conway SP, Brownlee KG, Denton M, Peckham DG. Journal: Am J Respir Med; 2003 ; 2(4):321-32. PubMed ID: 14719998. [Link]; page 162

440 Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, improves residual steatorrhoea in cystic fibrosis patients treated with high dose pancreatic enzymes. Author: Proesmans M, De Boeck K. Journal: Eur J Pediatr; 2003 Nov ; 162(11):760-3. PubMed ID: 13680386 [Link]; page 162

441 J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Jan;14(1):53-60. Garagorri JM. Early detection of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with cystic fibrosis and predisposition factors. [Link]; page 163

442 Cystic fibrosis mortality and survival in the UK: 1947-2003. Author: Dodge JA, Lewis PA, Stanton M, Wilsher J. Journal: Eur Respir J; 2007 Mar ; 29(3):522-6. PubMed ID: 17182652. [Link]; page 163

443 K Lowton 2007 BMJ 334 1271 A Patient's journey. Cystic fibrosis. [Link]; page 163

444 Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Feb 15;153(4):345-52. Liou TG. Predictive 5-year survivorship model of cystic fibrosis. [Link]; page 163

445 Effect of treatment with dornase alpha on airway inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis. Author: Paul K, Rietschel E, Ballmann M, Griese M, Worlitzsch D, Shute J, Chen C, Schink T, Döring G, van Koningsbruggen S, Wahn U, Ratjen F, Bronchoalveolar Lavage for the Evaluation of Antiinflammatory Treatment Study Group . Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med; 2004 Mar 15 ; 169(6):719-25. PubMed ID: 14684561 [Link]; page 163

446 Eur J Pediatr. 2000 Dec;159 Suppl 3:S240-2. Nevin NC. What has happened to gene therapy? [Link]; page 163

447 The relevance of sweat testing for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in the genomic era. Mishra A, Greaves R, Massie J. Clin Biochem Rev; 2005 Nov ; 26(4):135-53. PubMed ID: 16648884 [Link]; page 163

448 BTS 2008 British Guideline on the Management of Asthma [Link]; page 164

449 Diagnosis and treatment of asthma in childhood: a PRACTALL consensus report. Author: Bacharier LB, Boner A, Carlsen KH, Eigenmann PA, Frischer T, Götz M, Helms PJ, Hunt J, Liu A, Papadopoulos N, Platts-Mills T, Pohunek P, Simons FE, Valovirta E, Wahn U, Wildhaber J, European Pediatric Asthma Group . Journal: Allergy; 2008 Jan ; 63(1):5-34. PubMed ID: 18053013. [Link]; page 164

450 Recent evidence for adverse effects of residential proximity to traffic sources on asthma. [Link]; page 164

451 Association between paracetamol use in infancy and childhood, and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in children aged 6–7 years: analysis from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme [Link]; page 164

452 Childhood tuberculosis diagnosed and managed as asthma: case report. Author: Kurokawa La Scala CS, La Scala CR, Wandalsen GF, Malozzi MC, Naspitz CK, Solé D. Journal: Allergol Immunopathol (Madr); 2006 Nov-Dec ; 34(6):276-9. PubMed ID: 17173845. [Link]; page 164

453 [Teaching the inhalation manoeuvre to asthmatic children by means of visual feedback.] Author: Kamin W, Kreplin A. Journal: Pneumologie; 2007 Mar ; 61(3):150-6. PubMed ID: 17342574. [Link]; page 164

454 Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of inhaled beclometasone dipropionate delivered via hydrofluoroalkane-containing devices. Author: Derom E, Pauwels RA. Journal: Clin Pharmacokinet; 2005 ; 44(8):815-36. PubMed ID: 16029067. [Link]; page 164

455 BNF for children 2008 [Link]; page 164

456 Childhood tuberculosis diagnosed and managed as asthma: case report. Author: Kurokawa La Scala CS, La Scala CR, Wandalsen GF, Malozzi MC, Naspitz CK, Solé D. Journal: Allergol Immunopathol (Madr); 2006 Nov-Dec ; 34(6):276-9. PubMed ID: 17173845. [Link]; page 164

457 The use of magnesium in bronchial asthma: a new approach to an old problem. Journal: Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz); 2007 Feb 2 ; ():. PubMed ID: 17277891. [Link]; page 164

458 A meta-analysis on intravenous magnesium sulphate for treating acute asthma. Author: Cheuk DK, Chau TC, Lee SL. Journal: Arch Dis Child; 2005 Jan ; 90(1):74-7. PubMed ID: 15613519 [Link]; page 164

459 Prevention of allergic disease during childhood by allergen avoidance: the Isle of Wight prevention study. Author: Arshad SH, Bateman B, Sadeghnejad A, Gant C, Matthews SM. Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol; 2007 Feb ; 119(2):307-13. PubMed ID: 17291851. [Link]; page 164

460 Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the Mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in Crete. Author: Chatzi L, Apostolaki G, Bibakis I, Skypala I, Bibaki-Liakou V, Tzanakis N, Kogevinas M, Cullinan P. Journal: Thorax; 2007 Aug ; 62(8):677-83. PubMed ID: 17412780. [Link]; page 164

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462 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:734-735; no link available; page 164

463 Beta-agonists through metered-dose inhaler with valved holding chamber versus nebulizer for acute exacerbation of wheezing or asthma in children under 5 years of age: a systematic review with meta-analysis.">[Link]; page 165

464 Budesonide/formoterol maintenance plus reliever therapy: a new strategy in pediatric asthma. Author: Bisgaard H, Le Roux P, Bjĺmer D, Dymek A, Vermeulen JH, Hultquist C. Journal: Chest; 2006 Dec ; 130(6):1733-43. PubMed ID: 17166990. [Link]; page 165

465 Nationion Prescribing Centre, UK ; no link available; page 165

466 Both growth and adrenal function should be monitored in patients on high dose inhaled glucocorticoids. Further research is required to determine the optimal frequency of monitoring adrenal function... Archives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:713-716; no link available; page 165

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470 The Lancet 2005; 366:155-168; DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66874-2; Acute rheumatic fever. Dr Jonathan R Carapetis [Link]; page 166

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474 Randomized double-blind study with prednisone in Sydenham's chorea. Author: Paz JA, Silva CA, Marques-Dias MJ. Journal: Pediatr Neurol; 2006 Apr ; 34(4):264-9. PubMed ID: 16638499. [Link]; page 166

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476 Antibiotics for the primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever: a meta-analysis. Author: Robertson KA, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM. Journal: BMC Cardiovasc Disord; 2005 ; 5(1):11. PubMed ID: 15927077. [Link]; page 166

477 J Indian Med Assoc. 1999 Dec;97(12):489-92. Bavdekar SB. Rheumatic fever in children. [Link]; page 166

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568 See the UK Primary Care Diabetes Society ; no link available; page 186

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588 We thank Dr Alun Hutchings (University of Wales) for permission to reproduce this graph; no link available; page 193

589 Outcome and prognostic factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children at the National Cancer Institute, Egypt. Author: Hussein H, Sidhom I, Naga SA, Amin M, Ebied E, Khairy A, Kamel A, El-Sharkawy N. Journal: J Pediatr Hematol Oncol; 2004 Aug ; 26(8):507-14. PubMed ID: 15284589. [Link]; page 194

590 Current Status of Cytogenetic Research in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Susana Catalina Raimondi [Link]; page 194

591 Mitchell CD, Richards SM, Kinsey SE, Lilleyman J, Vora A, Eden TO. Benefit of dexamethasone compared with prednisolone for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of the UK Medical Research Council ALL97 randomized trial. Br J Haematol 2005; 129: 734-745. [Link]; page 194

592 Superiority of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation compared with chemotherapy alone in high-risk childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from ALL-BFM 90 and 95. Schrauder A, Reiter A, Gadner H, Niethammer D, Klingebiel T, Kremens B, Peters C, Ebell W, Zimmermann M, Niggli F, Ludwig WD, Riehm H, Welte K, Schrappe M. J Clin Oncol; 2006 Dec 20 ; 24(36):5742-9 [Link]; page 194

593 Benefit of dexamethasone compared with prednisolone for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of the UK Medical Research Council ALL97 randomized trial. Mitchell CD, Richards SM, Kinsey SE, Lilleyman J, Vora A, Eden TO, Br J Haematol 2005; 129:734-45. [Link]; page 194

594 Leukemia. 2000 Mar;14(3):356-63. Hann I. Benefit of intensified treatment for all children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results from MRC UKALL XI and MRC ALL97 randomised trials. UK Medical Research Council's Working Party on Childhood Leukaemia. [Link]; page 194

595 Revaccination of children after completion of standard chemotherapy for acute leukemia. [Link]; page 194

596 Metabolic syndrome and growth hormone deficiency in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Author: Gurney JG, Ness KK, Sibley SD, O'Leary M, Dengel DR, Lee JM, Youngren NM, Glasser SP, Baker KS. Journal: Cancer; 2006 Sep 15 ; 107(6):1303-12. PubMed ID: 16894525. [Link]; page 194

597 Blood, 1 February 2004, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp. 784-789.Clofarabine, a novel nucleoside analog, is active in pediatric patients with advanced leukemia--Sima Jeha [Link]; page 194

598 Blood. 2000 Oct 1;96(7):2412-8. Wheeler KA. Bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy in the treatment of very high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission: results from Medical Research Council UKALL X and XI. [Link]; page 194

599 Bone marrow transplantation versus prolonged intensive chemotherapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and an initial bone marrow relapse within 12 months of the completion of primary therapy: Children's Oncology Group study CCG-1941. Author: Gaynon PS, Harris RE, Altman AJ, Bostrom BC, Breneman JC, Hawks R, Steele D, Zipf T, Stram DO, Villaluna D, Trigg ME. Journal: J Clin Oncol; 2006 Jul 1 ; 24(19):3150-6. PubMed ID: 16717292. [Link]; page 194

600 Pharmacogenomics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Author: Kager L, Evans WE. Journal: Curr Opin Hematol; 2006 Jul ; 13(4):260-5. PubMed ID: 16755223. [Link]; page 194

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