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Love and Eugenics in the Late Nineteenth Century
Rational Reproduction and the New Woman

Angelique Richardson

Price: £66.00 (hardback)
ISBN-13: 978-0-19-818700-4
Publication date: 22 May 2003
280 pages, 11 halftones, 216x138 mm

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Reviews
  • 'One of the most challenging and original studies I have come across for a long time.' - John Carey
  • '...an illuminating examination of the ways in which feminist writers incorporated eugenics and notions of rational reproduction into fiction in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.' - Lara Marks, Medical History
  • 'beautifully written and meticulously argued' - Naomi Hetherington, Textual Practice
  • 'Richardson's highlighting of the diverse ways in which love was constructed is compelling... elegantly and cogently brings together a wide range of eugenic and anti-eugenic sources and thinkers.' - Lucy Delap, Women's History Review
  • 'Swiftly establishes itself as a very significant contribution to the expanded field of New Woman scholarship... of Grand, of the feminism of the period and of the cultural history of eugenics itself.' - Carolyn Burdett, Women: A Cultural Review
  • 'Richardson enriches our understanding of the connections between feminist thought and Victorian biological science.' - Chris Waters, History Workshop Journal
  • 'a very well-written and thoughtful piece of scholarship that successfully combines historical analysis and literary criticism. It is a welcome and important contribution to the cultural study of British eugenics and early feminism and, crucially, to the relationship between the two.' - Nadja Durbach, H-Net
  • 'Richardson provides a valuably warts-and-all history of how feminism intersected with biological racism and hereditary elitism. As a result, this is a genuinely important contribution to the history of British feminism.' - John Waller, British Journal for the History of Science
  • 'A finely organized and superbly researched study which significantly extends our knowledge of a literary cadre.' - Roger Ebbatson, Thomas Hardy Journal

Description
  • A wide-ranging exploration of how the eugenic debate obsessed fiction writers and social reformers alike, in late Victorian England
  • Strong supporters included Shaw, Wells, Herbert Spencer, Marie Stopes, and Virginia Woolf; among fierce opponents were Thomas Huxley, Mona Caird, Chesterton, and Belloc
  • A radical contribution to English studies, nineteenth-century and gender studies, and the history of science
The idea of eugenics - human selective breeding - originated in Victorian Britain in response to the urban poor. Darwin's evolutionary theory had laid the foundations for eugenics, replacing paradise with primordial slime. Man had not fallen from Grace, but risen from the swamps. And, as architect of his own destiny, he might rise still further. Eugenics was developed by Darwin's cousin Francis Galton in the 1860s. Embracing the idea of evolution, eugenists argued that through the judicious control of human reproduction, and the numerical increase of the middle class, Britain's supremacy in the world could be maintained. Born and bred among the competitive Victorian middle class, eugenics was a biologistic discourse on class. Aiming at 'racial improvement' by altering the balance of class in society, it was, Galton argued, 'practical Darwinism'. Eugenics found its most sustained expression in fiction and the periodical press, and was central to late nineteenth-century ideas on social progress, forming part of the debate between hereditarians and environmentalists that peaked in the closing years of the century. Even Gladstone had his vital statistics measured in Galton's eugenic laboratory. Among the champions of eugenics were social purity feminists and New Women, writers such as George Egerton, Ellice Hopkins, and Sarah Grand, who argued that women were naturally - biologically - moral, and that through rational reproduction middle-class women could regenerate the British imperial race. The New Woman has been the subject of numerous recent critical works. However, the oppressive ideas that coexisted with the mancipatory theories of some New Women - ideas that were supremely class conscious - remain largely unexamined, as the focus remains on her more progressive aspects. Love and Eugenics in the Late Nineteenth Century recontextualizes New Woman writers, demonstrating that they were as concerned with the questions of poverty, sickness and health as they were with the changing role of women, the issue for which they are currently generally known and celebrated. Focusing on fiction and the press, and drawing on the papers and published work of Galton and other eugenists, Angelique Richardson reveals the cultural pervasiveness of eugenics and explores, for the first time, the intimate relations between early feminism and eugenics, and making a radical contribution to nineteenth-century studies.

Readership: Scholars and students of Victorian literature and cultural history, gender studies, and the history of science.

Contents
List of illustrations
I
1. Origins
2. Science, God and Politics
3. The Rise of Eugenics
4. Science and Women
5. Science and Fiction
II
6. Eugenic Love and Sarah Grand
7. Urban Degeneration in Grand's Late Novels
8. George Egerton among the Eugenists
9. Mona Caird and Anti-Eugenic Feminism
10. Caird, Health, Reproduction and Race
11. Conclusion
Bibliography
Biographical Notes
Index

Authors, editors, and contributors


Angelique Richardson, Lecturer in the School of English, Exeter University


Links to web resources and related information
More in the same subject area:
Literature: history & criticism
Eugenics & breeding
History of science
Gender studies

The specification in this catalogue, including without limitation price, format, extent, number of illustrations, and month of publication, was as accurate as possible at the time the catalogue was compiled. Occasionally, due to the nature of some contractual restrictions, we are unable to ship a specific product to a particular territory. Jacket images are provisional and liable to change before publication.

 
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